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献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰ARoseforEmily
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威廉·福克纳>
威廉·福克纳（1897—1962），20世纪前半期美国最伟大的作家之一，他的作品被批评家看成是20世纪美国南方文学发展的顶峰。
他于1949年获得诺贝尔文学奖，1950年获美国国家图书奖，1954年和1963年两次获普利策奖。
他的作品几乎概括了整个美国南方社会，涉及各个阶级、阶层的人。
其代表作有《圣殿》《声音与疯狂》《八月之光》等。
I
WhenMissEmilyGriersondied，ourenttoherfuhroughasortofrespectfulaffeforafallehewomenmostlyoutofcuriositytoseetheinsideofherhouse，whiesaveanoldma—abinedgardenerandcook—hadseeenyears.
Itwasabig，squarishframehousethathadoe，decoratedwithdspiresandscrolledbaltheheavilylightsomestyleofthesevehadonostselectstreet.Butgaragesandshadencroadobliteratedeveneighborhood;onlyMissEmily'shousewasleft，liftingitsstubbornaishdecayabovethewagonsandthegasolinepumps—aneyeseyesores.AndnowMissEmilyhadgoojoiivesofthoseaugustheylayinthecedar-bemusedcemeteryamongtherankedandanonymousgravesofUnionaesoldierswhofellatthebattleofJefferson.
Alive，MissEmilyhadbeenatradition，aduty，aofhereditaryobligatioown，datingfromthatdayin1894wheoris，themayor—hewhofatheredtheedioNegrowomanshouldappearohoutaedhertaxes，thedispensationdatingfromthedeathofherfatheroy.NotthatMissEmilytedcharity.elSartorisiedaotheeffectthatMissEmily'sfatherhadloahetown，whichthetown，asamatterofbusihisaying.OnlyamanofelSartoris'geionandthoughtcouldhavei，andonlyawomancouldhavebelievedit.
&heion，withitsmoremodernideas，becamemayorsahisarraedsomelittledissatisfathefirstoftheyeartheymailedherataxnotice.Februarydtherely.Theywroteheraformalletter，askiocallatthesheriff'sofficeatherce.Aweeklaterthemayorwroteherhimself，tocallortosendhiscarforher，andrereplyanoteonpaperofanarchaicshape，inathin，flohyiotheeffectthatsheoutatall.Thetaxnoticewasalsoehoutent.
TheycalledaspecialmeetingoftheBoardofAldermeiononher，khedhwhiovisitorhadpassedsincesheceasedgivingtinglessoeheywereadmittedbytheoldoadimhallfromwhichastairwaymouillmoreshadow.Itsmelledofdustanddisuse—aksmell.Thehemintotheparlor.Itwasfurnishediher-coveredfurheheblindsofonewindow，theycouldseethattheleatherwascradwhedown，afaintdustrosesluggishlyabhs，spinningwithslowmotesinthesinglesun-ray.ilteaselbeforethefireplacestoodaportraitofMissEmily'sfather.
Theyrosewheered—asmall，fatwomaninblack，withathingolddesgtoherwaistandvanishi，leaningonaneboarnishedgoldhead.Herskeletonare;perhapsthatouldhavebeenmerelyplumpnessinanotherwasobesityinher.Shelookedbloated，likeabodyledier，andofthatpallidhue.Hereyes，lostiyridgesofherface，lookedliketiecesofcoalpressedintoalumpofdoughastheymovedfromoherwhilethevisitorsstatedtheirerrand.
&askthemtosit.Shejuststoodinthedooralyuntilthespokesmaumblinghalt.Thentheycouldheartheiigattheendofthegold.
Hervoicewasdryandcold."IhavenotaxesinJeffersoorisexplaiome.Perhapsoneofyouaccesstothecityredsatisfyyourselves."
"Butwehave.WearetheissEmily.Didn'tyougetahesheriff，signedbyhim?"
"Ireceivedapaper，yes，"MissEmilysaid."Perhapshesidershimselfthesheriff...IhavenotaxesinJefferson."
"Butthereisnothioshowthat，yousee.Wemustgobythe—"
"SeeelSartoris.IhavenotaxesinJefferson."
"But，MissEmily—"
"SeeelSartoris."（elSartorishadbeetenyears.）"Ihavenotaxesiobe!"TheNegroappeared，"Showthesege."
II
Soshevahem，horseandfoot，justasshehadvaheirfathersthirtyyearsbeforeaboutthesmell.Thatwastwoyearsafterherfather'sdeathandashorttimeafterhersweetheart—theonewebelievedwouldmarryher—haddesertedher.Afterherfather'sdeathshewele;afterhersweetheartlehardlysawheratall.Afewoftheladieshadthetemeritytocall，butwerenotredtheonlysigheplacewastheNegroman—ayoungmanthen—goinginandoutwithamarketbasket.
"Justasifaman—anymaproperly."theladiessaid;sotheywerenotsurprisedwhenthesmelldeveloped.Itwasanotherlihegross，teemingworldandthehighandmightyGriersons.
Aneighbor，alaihemayeSteveyyearsold.
"Butwhatwillyouhavemedoaboutit，madam?"hesaid.
"Why，seostopit，"thewomansaid，"Isn'ttherealaw?"
"I'msurethatwon'tbenecessary，"JudgeStevenssaid，"It'sprobablyjustasthatniggerofherskilledintheyard.I'llspeaktohimaboutit."
&dayhereplaints，onefromamanwhodiffideion."Wereallymustdosomethingaboutit，Judge.I'dbethelastoobotherMissEmily，butwe'vegottodosomething."ThatnighttheBoardofAldermehreegraybeardsandoneyoungermaherisiion.
"It'ssimpleenough，"hesaid."Seohaveherplaedup.Giveheratimetodoitin，andifshedon't..."
"Dammit，sir，"JudgeStevenssaid，"Willyouaccusealadytoherfaellingbad?"
Sothe，aftermidnight，fourmenissEmily'slawnandslunkaboutthehouselikeburglars，sniffingalongthebaseofthebridatthecellaropenihemperfularsowingmotionwithhishandoutofasagfromhisshoulder.Theybrokeopenthecellardoorandsprihere，andibuildings.Astheyrecrossedthelathathadbeendarkwaslightedaibehindher，atorsomotiohatofanidol.Theycreptquietlyacrossthelawnandintotheshadowofthelocuststhatli.Afteraweekortwothesmell>
Thateoplehadbeguntofeelreallysorryforher.Peopleinourtown，rememberinghowoldladyWyatt，hergreataunt，hadgoelycrazyatlast，believedthattheGriersohemselvesalittletoohighforwhattheyreallywere.heyouegoodenoughforMissEmilyandsuch.Wehadlongthoughtofthemasatableau;MissEmilyaslenderfigureihebad，herfatheraspraddledsilhouetteinthefround，hisbacktoherandgahorsewhip，thetwoofthemframedbythebagfrontdoors.Sowheobethirtyandwasstillsipleasedexactly，butvindicated;evenwithinsanityinthefamilyshewouldn'thaveturneddownallofhercesiftheyhadreallymaterialized.
&herdied，itgotaboutthatthehousewasallthatwaslefttoher;andinalewereglad.AtlasttheycouldpityMissEmily.Beialone，andapauper，shehadbeanized.oowouldkhrillandtheolddespairofapennymoreorless.
&erhisdeathalltheladiespreparedtocallatthehouseandofferdaid，asisourissEmilymetthematthedoor，dressedasusualandwithnriefooldthemthatherfatherwasnotdead.Shedidthatforthreedays，withtheministersher，atopersuadehertoletthemdisposeofthebody.Justastheywereabouttoresorttolawandforce，shebrokedown，andtheyburiedherfatherquickly.
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